16 Tenses in English (16 Tenses Bahasa Inggris)

16 Tenses in English

1.    Simple Present Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + V1 + O/C

      (-)  S + do/does + not + V1 + O/C

      (?)  Do/does + S + V1 + O/C

      Example:

      (+) Sisca reads book everyday.

      (-)  Sisca does not read book everyday.

      (?)  Does Sisca read book everyday?

            Yes, she does. / No, she does not.

2.    Present Continuous Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + be + V1 + ing + O/C

      (-)  S + be + not + V1 + ing + O/C

      (?)  Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C

      Example:

      (+) He is playing badminton now

      (-)  He is not playing badminton now

      (?)  Is he playing badminton now?

            Yes, he is. / No, he is not.

3.    Present Perfect Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + has/have + been + O/C

            S + has/have + V3 + O/C

      (-)  S + has/have + not + been + O/C

            S + has/have + not + V3 + O/C

      (?)  Have/has + S + been + O/C

            Have/has + S + V3 + O/C

      Example:

      (+) He has been at home for a month.

            Roni has eaten the steak already.

      (-)  He has not been at home for a month.

            Roni has not eaten the steak already.

      (?)  Has he been at home for a month?

            Has he eaten the steak already?

            Yes, he has. / No, he has not.

4.    Present Perfect Continuous Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + have/has + been + V-ing

      (-)  S + have/has + not + been + V-ing

      (?) Have/has + S + been + V-ing

      Example:

      (+) He has been playing guitar for two hours.

      (-)  He has not been playing guitar for two hours.

      (?) Has he been playing guitar for two hours?

            Yes, he has. / No, he has not.

5.    Simple Past Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + to be (was/were) + O/C

           S + V2 + O/C

      (-)  S + to be (was/were) + not + O/C

            S + did not + V1 + O/C

      (?)  Did + S + V1 + O/C

      Example:

      (+) He was a businessman in 1999.

            He visited me yesterday.

      (-)  He was not a businessman in 1999.

            He did not visit me yesterday.

      (?) Did he visit you yesterday?

            Yes, he did. / No, he did not.

6.    Past Continuous Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + to be (was/were) + V-ing + O/C

      (-)  S + to be (was/were) + not + V-ing + O/C

      (?)  Was/were + S + V-ing + O/C

      Example:

      (+) She was sleeping when I came.

      (-)  She was not sleeping when I came.

      (?)  Was she sleeping when you came?

            Yes, she was. / No, she was not.

7.    Past Perfect Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + had + V3 + O/C

      (-)  S + had + not + V3 + O/C

      (?)  Had + S + V3 + O/C

      Example:

      (+) He had gone to Bali when I called him.

      (-)  He had not gone to Bali when I called him.

      (?)  Had he gone to Bali when you called him?

            Yes, he had. / No, he had not.

8.    Past Perfect Continuous Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + had + been + V-ing + O/C

      (-)  S + had + not + been + V-ing + O/C

      (?)  Had + S + been + V-ing + O/C

      Example:

      (+) They had been living in Jakarta about ten years.

      (-)  They had not been living in Jakarta about ten years.

      (?)  Had they been living in Jakarta about ten years?

            Yes, they had. / No, they had not.

9.    Simple Future Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + will/shall + V1 + O/C

            S + am/is/are + going to + V1 + O/C

      (-)  S + will/shall + not + V1 + O/C

            S + am/is/are + not + going to + V1 + O/C

      (?)  Will/shall + S + V1 + O/C

            Am/is/are + S + going to + V1 + O/C

      Example:

      (+) She will eat fried rice.

            She is going to eat fried rice.

      (-)  She will not eat fried rice.

            She is not going to eat fried rice.

      (?)  Will she eat fried rice?

            Is she going to eat fried rice?

            Yes, she will. / No, she will not.

            Yes, she is. / No, she is not.

10.  Future Continuous Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + will/shall + be + V-ing + O/C

      (-)  S + will/shall + not + be + V-ing + O/C

      (?)  Will/shall + S + be + V-ing + O/C

      Example:

      (+) I will be watching a movie tonight.

      (-)  I will not be watching a movie tonight.

      (?)  Will you be watching a movie tonight?

            Yes, I will. / No, I will not.

11.  Future Perfect Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + shall/will + have + been + C

            S + shall/will + have + V3 + O

      (-)  S + shall/will + not + have + been + C

            S + shall/will + not + have + V3 + O

      (?)  Shall/will + S + have + been + C

            Shall/will + S + have + V3 + O

      Example:

      (+) I will have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning.

            He will have rented my house next month.

      (-)  I will not have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning.

            He will not have rented my house next month.

      (?)  Will you have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning?

            Will he have rented my house next month?

            Yes, I will. / No, I will not.

            Yes, he will. / No, he will not.

12.  Future Perfect Continuous Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + shall/will + have + been + V-ing + O

      (-)  S + shall/will + not + have + been + V-ing + O

      (?)  Shall/will + S + have + been + V-ing + O

      Example:

      (+) She will have been visiting us tomorrow.

      (-)  She will not have been visiting us tomorrow.

      (?)  Will she have been visiting us tomorrow?

            Yes, she will. / No, she will not.

13.  Past Future Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + should/would + be + O

            S + should/would + V1 + O

      (-)  S + should/would + not + be + O

            S + should/would + not + V1 + O

      (?)  Should/would + S + be + O

            Should/would + S + V1 + O

      Example:

      (+) I should be in Banten next month.

            I should be pick up when you arrive at the station next week.

      (-)  I should not be in Banten next month.

            I should not be pick up when you arrive at the station next week.

      (?)  Should you be in Banten next month?

            Should you be pick up when you arrive at the station next week?

            Yes, I should. / No, I should not.

14.  Past Future Continuous Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + should/would + be + V-ing + O

      (-)  S + should/would + not + be + V-ing + O

      (?)  Should/would + S + be + V-ing + O

      Example:

      (+) My brother would be finishing thesis last week.

      (-)  My brother would not be finishing thesis last week.

      (?)  Would your brother be finishing thesis last week?

            Yes, he would. / No, he would not.

15.  Past Future Perfect Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + should/would + have + been + C

            S + should/would + have + V3 + O

      (-)  S + should/would + not + have + been + C

            S + should/would + not + have + V3 + O

      (?)  Should/would + S + have + been + C

            Should/would + S + have + V3 + O

      Example:

      (+) My mother should have been here at nine o’clock tomorrow.

            Marry would have worked in leading companies next month.

      (-)  My mother should not have been here at nine o’clock tomorrow.

            Marry would not have worked in leading companies next month.

      (?)  Should your mother have been here at nine o’clock tomorrow?

            Would Marry have worked in leading companies next month?

            Yes, she should. / No, she should not.

            Yes, she would. / No, she would not.

16.  Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

      Formula:

      (+) S + should/would + have + been + V-ing + O

      (-)  S + should/would + not + have + been + V-ing + O

      (?)  Should/would + S + have + been + V-ing + O

      Example:

      (+) I would have been working in leading companies for 10 years.

      (-)  I would not have been working in leading companies for 10 years.

      (?)  Would you have been working in leading companies for 10 years?

            Yes, I would. / No, I would not.

Penjelasan dan Contoh Kalimat Pasif dalam Bahasa Inggris

Sumber:http://www.caramudahbelajarbahasainggris.net/2013/06/penjelasan-dan-contoh-kalimat-pasif-dalam-bahasa-inggris.html 

Contoh kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Inggris itu tentu saja beragam dan bergantung pada tenses yang melingkupinya. Coba anda perhatikan contoh kalimat dalam bahasa Indonesia berikut ini.

 

Dino mengendarai mobil.

Mobil dikendarai oleh Dino.

 

Pak Dika mengajar kelas 3.

Kelas 3 diajar oleh pak Dika.

 

Lihat bagaimana contoh nomor 2 dan nomor 4 dibalik. Pada contoh nomor 1, anda akan mendapatkan sebuah kalimat aktif dimana susunannya adalah subjek yang bertindak dan predikat. Sedangkan, pada contoh nomor 2, anda akan mendapatkan sebuah subjek namun Ia yang dikenai tindakan bukan? Begitulah sistem kalimat pasif.

Dalam konteks bahasa Inggris, kalimat pasif mempunyai ketentuan yang berbeda dan bergantung pada tenses atau kapan peristiwa tersebut terjadi. Contoh di bawah ini, bisa memberikan penjelasan kepada anda.

 

1. The room is cleaned by Rika.
2. The rooms are cleaned by Rika.
3. The room was cleaned by Rika.
4. The rooms were cleaned by Rika.
5. The room has been cleaned by Rika.
6. The rooms have been cleaned by Rika.
7. The room had been cleaned by Rika.
8. The rooms had been cleaned by Rika.
9. The room will be cleaned by Rika.

 

Lihat bagaimana berbedanya kalimat tersebut satu sama lain? Sebenarnya, yang membuat berbeda hanya to be kalimat tersebut saja. Artinya sama yaitu sebuah ruangan yang dibersihkan oleh Rika. Jadi, kunci dari sebuah kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Inggris apapun maknanya, adalah to be, kemudian kata kerja bentuk kedua atau past participle.

Struktur kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Inggris adalah sebagai berikut.

 

Subjek penerima tindakan + To be + Past Participle + Pelaku Tindakan

 

Ini adalah contoh secara lebih jelas mengenai kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Inggris.

Present Tense

1. Aktif : Tika read the history book of Indonesia.
2. Pasif : The history book of Indonesia is read by Tika.

Present Continuous

1. A : I am writing the new short story.
2. P : The new short story is being written by Sarah

Present Perfect

 

1. A : My father has fixed the car
2. P : The car has been fixed by my father.

Present Perfect Continuous

 

1. A : Danny has been doing the homework.
2. P : The homework has been being done by Danny.

Past Tense

 

1. A : We cleaned the room.
2. P : The room was cleaned by us.

Past Continuous Tense

 

1. A : We were watching the movie when you came.
2. P : The movie was being watched by us when you came.

Past Perfect Tense

 

1. A : Tika had listened the news before you told her.
2. P : The news had been listened by Tika before you told her.

Past Perfect Continuous

 

1. A : Evans had been preparing the schedule for two weeks.
2. P : The schedule had been being prepared by Evan for two weeks.

Simple Future

 

1. A : I will finish this job at 4.00 PM.
2. P : This job will be finished by me at 4.00 PM.

Future Continuous

 

1. A : They will be finishing the job at 4.00 PM.
2. P : The job will be being finished at 4.00 PM.

Future Perfect

 

1. A : They will have finished the job before 5.00 PM.
2. P : The job will have been finished before 5.00 PM.

Future Perfect Continuous

 

1. A : They will have been completed the job for six hours by the time it finished.
2. P : The job will have been being completed for six hours by the time it finished.

Bagaimana? Sudah mengerti tentang struktur dan pembentukan contoh kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Inggris? Selamat mencoba.